A Juliani^[1]*, N H Hanifah¹, S Rahmawati¹, N I Wantoputri¹

¹Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Jl Kaliurang KM 14, 5 Yogyakarta, Indonesia. 55584

[1]^* Corresponding author: a[email protected]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/icsbe.vol4.art50

ABSTRACT

The mostly occurring case of anthropogenic source for nitrate contamination in groundwater especially in developing countries is domestic sewage. Hence, many cases of the presence of nitrate in groundwater are always correlated with the poor quality of wastewater management system. Since 2008 Yogyakarta area in Indonesia has improved its wastewater management system which should also improve the groundwater quality. This paper will discuss the recent condition of groundwater quality in Yogyakarta City area which focused on nitrate and its association to contamination from sewage after the improvement of sewage management system. Chloride concentration was measured and its ratio to nitrate was calculated to examine this association. Analysis of 32 groundwater samples showed the range of nitrate-N concentration from 3.6 to 42.56 with average of 9.97 mg/L. Meanwhile, chloride concentration ranged from 15.82 to 35.85 with average of 23.79 mg/L. The ratio of N to Chloride exceeds 1 only at 1 sampling  to the same cluster. This indicates that the nitrate in groundwater in this study may not originated from domestic sewage. Hence, the effort to improve wastewater management systpoint. In addition, Hierarchical Cluster Analysis showed that nitrate and chloride did not belongem has given positive impact to groundwater quality.

Keywords: nitrate concentration, groundwater, watershed

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Y Pratiwi^[1]*

¹Department of Architecture Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Indonesia

^[1]* Corresponding author: [email protected]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/icsbe.vol4.art48

ABSTRACT

The Çamlıca Mosque was built in a combination of Ottoman, Seljuk and modern architectural styles. The purpose of this study is to examine the application of Ottoman, Seljuk, and Modern architectural styles to the Çamlıca Mosque and to examine the character of the components in the Çamlıca Mosque from the aspect of the yard, mihrab, minaret, dome and examines the facade, the structure of the building, and the functions of the mosque. This research is unique because it proves which architectural style stands out the most. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative exploratory by conducting direct observations to determine the combination of Ottoman architectural style, Seljuk architectural style, and Contemporary architectural style. The results of this study can be explained that the main features of the Çamlıca Mosque still maintain the presence of the yard, mihrab, minaret, dome with other features namely Rewaqs and Iwan. The facade of the Çamlıca Mosque, especially the use of wall materials are concrete, glass, a combination of glass and wood, and contemporary marble, while the shape of the door is a combination of Seljuk, Ottoman, and contemporary architecture with floral motifs, geometry, and calligraphy. The structure of the building, especially the columns, has various shapes, sizes, colors, materials. The functions of the Çamlıca Mosque complex are only a mosque as a place of worship and a library and this is in accordance with the theory of mosque functions in Ottoman Architecture although some functions are absent. Other functions of the Çamlıca Mosque are contemporary functions, namely art galleries, art studios, indoor and outdoor play rooms, gardens, museums, and conference rooms. The conclusion of this study is that the main style that dominates the application of architecture in the Çamlıca Mosque is the contemporary style.

Keywords: he Çamlıca Mosque, Seljuk, Architectural

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A N Lathifah^1,2, A Yulianto^[1],3*, N M Istikhory¹, and M Rumi A N F¹

¹Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, 55584, Indonesia

²Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, 55584,Indonesia

³Risk Assessment Analysis Laboratory, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, 55584, Indonesia

^[1]* Corresponding author’s email: [email protected]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/icsbe.vol4.art46

ABSTRACT

Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) contains various kinds of microbes, primarily bacteria, because of the role of bacteria in helping the degradation process of organic matter in wastewater. Based on data from the Environmental Agency of Sleman Regency, about 163 Communal WWTPs were tested for their physical and chemical parameters. However, not many tests have been carried out for biological parameters. The study of dominant bacteria in Communal WWTPs with moderate sanitation risk is expected to add information related to these biological parameters. This study used the Direct Plating method on Diluted Nutrient Broth (DNB) media and the gram staining method to determine the morphological characteristic of the bacterial cells. Six of communal WWTPs namely Candi Indah, Tirto Asri, Gading Indah, Guyup Rukun, Wahana Bina Lingkungan, and Banyu Bening were used as study sites. From this study, the bacterial dominant in each Communal WWTPs were bacteria having similar morphological characteristics to the bacteria in the genus of Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Micrtothrix, and Micrococcus. The results of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the microbial role in the WWTP process, which is further expected to give insight into improving the WWTP performance

Keyword: Communal WWTP, Bacteria, Direct Plating, Dilute Nutrient Broth

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