A Juliani^[1]*, N H Hanifah¹, S Rahmawati¹, N I Wantoputri¹

 

¹Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Jl Kaliurang KM 14, 5 Yogyakarta, Indonesia. 55584

[1]^* Corresponding author: a[email protected]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/icsbe.vol4.art50

 

ABSTRACT

The mostly occurring case of anthropogenic source for nitrate contamination in groundwater especially in developing countries is domestic sewage. Hence, many cases of the presence of nitrate in groundwater are always correlated with the poor quality of wastewater management system. Since 2008 Yogyakarta area in Indonesia has improved its wastewater management system which should also improve the groundwater quality. This paper will discuss the recent condition of groundwater quality in Yogyakarta City area which focused on nitrate and its association to contamination from sewage after the improvement of sewage management system. Chloride concentration was measured and its ratio to nitrate was calculated to examine this association. Analysis of 32 groundwater samples showed the range of nitrate-N concentration from 3.6 to 42.56 with average of 9.97 mg/L. Meanwhile, chloride concentration ranged from 15.82 to 35.85 with average of 23.79 mg/L. The ratio of N to Chloride exceeds 1 only at 1 sampling  to the same cluster. This indicates that the nitrate in groundwater in this study may not originated from domestic sewage. Hence, the effort to improve wastewater management systpoint. In addition, Hierarchical Cluster Analysis showed that nitrate and chloride did not belongem has given positive impact to groundwater quality.

 

Keywords: nitrate concentration, groundwater, watershed

 

REFERENCES

Ahamad A, Madhav S, Singh P, Pandey J and Khan A H 2018 Assessment of groundwater quality with special emphasis on nitrate contamination in parts of Varanasi City, Uttar Pradesh, India Appl. Water Sci. 8

Torres-martínez J A, Mora A, Mahlknecht J, Daessl L W, Cervantes-Aviles P A and -Ruiz R L 2021 Estimation of nitrate pollution sources and transformations in groundwater of an intensive livestock-agricultural area (Comarca Lagunera), combining major ions , stable isotopes and MixSIAR model * Environ. Pollut. 269

World Health Organisation (WHO) 2022 Guidelines for drinking-water quality: fourth edition incorporating the first and second addenda (Geneva)

Nakagawa K, Amano H, Persson M and Berndtsson R 2021 Spatiotemporal variation of nitrate concentrations in soil and groundwater of an intensely polluted agricultural area Sci. Rep. 11 1–13

Zendehbad M, Cepuder P, Loiskandl W and Stumpp C 2019 Source identification of nitrate contamination in the urban aquifer of Mashhad, Iran J. Hydrol. Reg. Stud. 25 100618

Richa A, Touil S and Fizir M 2022 Recent advances in the source identification and remediation techniques of nitrate contaminated groundwater : A review J. Environ. Manage. 316 115265

Eka Putra D P 2010 Estimation, reality and trend of groundwater nitrate concentration under unsewered Area of Yogyakarta City – Indonesia J. South East Asian Appl. Geol. 2 20–7

Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat 2016 Rencana pengelolaan sumber daya air wilayah Sungai Progo Opak Serang

Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 2021 Dokumen Informasi Kinerja Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup Daerah (IKPLHD) Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Tahun 2020

R Core Team 2020 R: A language and environment for statistical computing

Kassambara A and Mundt F 2020 Extract and visualize the results of multivariate data analyses [R package factoextra version 1.0.7]

QGIS Development Team 2009 QGIS Geographic Information System_Open Source Geospatial Foundation

BIG 2020 Indonesia Geospatial Portal 2020

Rezaei A, Hassani H, Hassani S, Jabbari N, Fard Mousavi S B and Rezaei S 2019 Evaluation of groundwater quality and heavy metal pollution indices in Bazman basin, southeastern Iran Groundw. Sustain. Dev. 9 100245

Rawat K, Pradhan S, Tripathi V, Jeyakumar L and Singh S K 2019 Statistical approach to evaluate groundwater contamination for drinking and irrigation suitability Groundw. Sustain. Dev. 9 100251

World Health Organisation (WHO) 2011 Guidelines for drinking-water quality 4th edition Encycl. Earth Sci. Ser

Kim H and Park S 2016 Hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater highly polluted with nitrate in an agricultural area of Hongseong , Korea Water 8

Bozdaǧ A and Göçmez G 2013 Evaluation of groundwater quality in the Cihanbeyli basin, Konya, Central Anatolia, Turkey Environ. Earth Sci. 69 921–37

Zhang Z, Murtagh F, Poucke S Van, Lin S and Lan P 2017 Hierarchical cluster analysis in clinical research with heterogeneous study population: highlighting its visualization with R Ann. Transl. Med. 5 1–11

Pemda DIY 2022 Profil Balai PIALAM (Pengelolaan Infrastruktur Air Limbah dan Air Minum Perkotaan)

Kohn J, Soto D X, Iwanyshyn M, Olson B, Kalischuk A, Lorenz K and Hendry M J 2016 Groundwater nitrate and chloride trends in an agriculture-intensive area in southern Alberta, Canada Water Qual. Res. J. Canada 51.1

B adan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 2021 Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Dalam Angka (Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta In Figures) 202

 

Y Pratiwi^[1]*

 

¹Department of Architecture Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Indonesia

^[1]* Corresponding author: [email protected]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/icsbe.vol4.art48

 

ABSTRACT

The Çamlıca Mosque was built in a combination of Ottoman, Seljuk and modern architectural styles. The purpose of this study is to examine the application of Ottoman, Seljuk, and Modern architectural styles to the Çamlıca Mosque and to examine the character of the components in the Çamlıca Mosque from the aspect of the yard, mihrab, minaret, dome and examines the facade, the structure of the building, and the functions of the mosque. This research is unique because it proves which architectural style stands out the most. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative exploratory by conducting direct observations to determine the combination of Ottoman architectural style, Seljuk architectural style, and Contemporary architectural style. The results of this study can be explained that the main features of the Çamlıca Mosque still maintain the presence of the yard, mihrab, minaret, dome with other features namely Rewaqs and Iwan. The facade of the Çamlıca Mosque, especially the use of wall materials are concrete, glass, a combination of glass and wood, and contemporary marble, while the shape of the door is a combination of Seljuk, Ottoman, and contemporary architecture with floral motifs, geometry, and calligraphy. The structure of the building, especially the columns, has various shapes, sizes, colors, materials. The functions of the Çamlıca Mosque complex are only a mosque as a place of worship and a library and this is in accordance with the theory of mosque functions in Ottoman Architecture although some functions are absent. Other functions of the Çamlıca Mosque are contemporary functions, namely art galleries, art studios, indoor and outdoor play rooms, gardens, museums, and conference rooms. The conclusion of this study is that the main style that dominates the application of architecture in the Çamlıca Mosque is the contemporary style.

 

Keywords: he Çamlıca Mosque, Seljuk, Architectural

 

REFERENCES

Erözden Can Ali M A 2019 New Istanbul Mosque becomes Largest in Turkey (Istanbul: Anadolu Agency)

Gazalba S 1994 Mesjid: Pusat Ibadat dan Kebudayaan Islam (Jakarta: Pustaka Al-Husna)

Khan Academy 2020 Introduction to Mosque Architecture (https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/art-islam/beginners-guide-islamic-art/a/introduction-to-mosque-architecture) accessed on March 2020

Sasongko A 2016 Warisan Seljuk dalam Gaya Arsitektur Masjid (Jakarta: Republika) (https://www.republika.co.id/berita/dunia-islam/islam-digest/16/12/09/ohwve2313-warisan-seljuk-dalam-gaya-arsitektur-masjid) accessed on March 2020)

Aslanapa O 1991 Anadolu’da ilk Türk mimarisi: Başlangıcı ve Gelişmesi (Ankara: AKM Publications)

Millingen A V 1912 Byzantine Churches in Constantinople Their History and Architecture (London: Macmillan)

Ágoston G Bruce M 2009 Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. (New York: Facts On File)

Rizqa H Agung S 2016 Masjid Fatih Cemi, Jejak Puncak Spiritualitas Utsmaniyah (Jakarta: Replubika (https://www.republika.co.id/berita/dunia-islam/islam-digest/16/11/29/ohem3x313-masjid-fatih-cemi-jejak-puncak-spiritualitas-ustmaniyah) accessed on March 2020

Amrullah A Agung S, 2015 Modernisme Arsitektur Masjid Turki (Jakarta: Republika)  (https://www.republika.co.id/berita/dunia-islam/khazanah/15/08/30/ntvsv3313-moderinsme-arsitektur-masjid-turki) accessed on March 2020

Ibrahim N 2020 Teaching materials in the doctoral program of Architecture, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakıf Üniversitesi (unpublished)

 

A N Lathifah^1,2, A Yulianto^[1],3*, N M Istikhory¹, and M Rumi A N F¹

 

¹Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, 55584, Indonesia

²Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, 55584,Indonesia

³Risk Assessment Analysis Laboratory, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, 55584, Indonesia

^[1]* Corresponding author’s email: [email protected]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/icsbe.vol4.art46

 

ABSTRACT

Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) contains various kinds of microbes, primarily bacteria, because of the role of bacteria in helping the degradation process of organic matter in wastewater. Based on data from the Environmental Agency of Sleman Regency, about 163 Communal WWTPs were tested for their physical and chemical parameters. However, not many tests have been carried out for biological parameters. The study of dominant bacteria in Communal WWTPs with moderate sanitation risk is expected to add information related to these biological parameters. This study used the Direct Plating method on Diluted Nutrient Broth (DNB) media and the gram staining method to determine the morphological characteristic of the bacterial cells. Six of communal WWTPs namely Candi Indah, Tirto Asri, Gading Indah, Guyup Rukun, Wahana Bina Lingkungan, and Banyu Bening were used as study sites. From this study, the bacterial dominant in each Communal WWTPs were bacteria having similar morphological characteristics to the bacteria in the genus of Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Micrtothrix, and Micrococcus. The results of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the microbial role in the WWTP process, which is further expected to give insight into improving the WWTP performance

 

Keyword: Communal WWTP, Bacteria, Direct Plating, Dilute Nutrient Broth

 

REFERENCES

[1] Kurnianingtyas E, Prasetya A, and Yuliansyah, A T, 2020 Kajian Kinerja Sistem Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Komunal (Studi Kasus: WWTP Komunal Kalisong, Kelurahan Sembung, Kecamatan Tulungagung, Kabupaten Tulungagung, Jawa Timur) Media Ilmiah Teknik Lingkungan 5(1): 62-70

[2] Cyprowski M, Stobnicka-Kupiec A, Ławniczek-Wałczyk A, Bakal-Kijek A, Gołofit-Szymczak M, and Górny RL, 2018 Anaerobic Bacteria in Wastewater Treatment Plant International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 91(5): 571-579

[3] Wulan DK 2019 Karakterisasi Bakteri Indigenus Pada Kolamdi Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Sewon, Bantul Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta: Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

[4] Cresten Mansfeldt K D 2019 Microbial Community Shifts In Streams Receiving Treated Wastewater Treatment Science Of The Total Environment

[5] Limayem A, Wasson S, Mehta M, Pokhrel AR, Patil S, Nguyen M, Chen J, and Nayak B, 2019 High-throughput Detection of Bacterial Community and its Drug-Resistance Profiling from Local Reclaimed Wastewater Plants. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology 9: 303

[6] Irwin SV, Fisher P, Graham E, Malek A, and Robidoux A, 2017 Sulfites Inhibit the Growth of Four Species of Beneficial Gut Bacteria at Concentrations Regarded as Safe for Food PLoS One 12(10): 0186629.

[7] Pulschen AA, Bendia AG, Fricker AD, Pellizari VH, Galante D and Rodrigues F 2017 Isolation of Uncultured Bacteria from Antarctica Using Long Incubation Periods and Low Nutritional Media Front Microbiol 8:1346

[8] Singh AK, Sharma RK, Sharma V, Singh T, Kumar R, Kumari D Isolation, Morphological Identification and  In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Azadirachta Indica (Neem) Leaves Vet World 2017 May;10(5): 510-516

[9] Lyudmila Boyanova 2018 Direct Gram staining and its Various Benefits in the Diagnosis of Bacterial Infections Postgraduate Medicine 130(1): 105-110

[10] Hastuti E, Nuraeni R, and Darwati S 2017 Pengembangan Proses Pada Sistem Anaerobic Baffled Reactor Untuk Memenuhi Baku Mutu Air Limbah Domestik Jurnal Permukiman 12(2): 70-79

[11] Respati NY, Yulianti E, and Rakhmawati A 2017 Optimasi Suhu Dan Ph Media Pertumbuhan Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat Dari Isolat Bakteri Termofilik Jurnal Prodi Biologi 6(7): 423-431

[12] Dyanto R, Yusuf W, and Utomo KP 2015 Evaluasi Unit Biofilter Anaerob Sistem Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Rumah Sakit Ibu Dan Anak (Rsia) Anugerah Bunda Khatulistiwa Kota Pontianak Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Lahan Basah, 3(1)

[13] Attri S, Mahajan R, and Goel G, 2018 Development and Diversity of Lactic Acid Producing Bacteria and Bifidobacteria in Healthy Full Term Indian Infants from Himachal Pradesh Intestinal Research 16(4): 529

[14] Kusharyati DF, Pramono H, Ryandini D, Manshur TA, Dewi MA, Khatimah K and Rovik A, 2020 Bifidobacterium from Infant Stool: The Diversity and Potential Screening Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 21(6)

[15] Hanna M, Noor A, Streptococcus Group B In: StatPearls Treasure Island (FL) StatPearls Publishing

[16] Zieliński W, Korzeniewska E, Harnisz M, Hubeny J, Buta M, and Rolbieck D 2020 The Prevalence of Drug-Resistant and Virulent Staphylococcus Spp. In a Munic WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant And Their Spread In The Environment Environment International, 143

[17] Karimela EJ, Ijong FG, Dien HA 2017 Karakteristik Staphylococcus aureus yang di Isolasi dari Ikan Asap Pinekuhe Hasil Olahan Tradisional Kabupaten Sangihe Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia 20(1): 188-198

[18] Mutmainnah B, Supnawadi and Ni’matuzahroh, 2018 Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Mimosa Pudica L. Terhadap Pembentukan Biofilm Staphylococcus aureus SL, Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi

[19] Ahirwar SS MG, Gupta G and Singh V, 2017 Screening, Isolation and Identification of Lactobacillus Species from Dental Caries of Children International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(1): 497-503

[20] Nierychlo MA, Thomsen L, Andersen KS, Dueholm MS, Petriglieri F, Kristensen JM and Nielsen, PH 2019 Species-Level Diversity of the Filamentous Candidatus Microthrix in Danish Full-Scale WWTPs and Their Influence on Sludge Settling Properties 8th IWA Microbial Ecology and Water Engineering Specialist Conference Hiroshima Japan

[21] Erbasan F, 2018 Brain Abscess Caused by Micrococcus Luteus in a Patient With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Case-Based Review Rheumatol Int 38(12): 2323-2328

[22] Wang S, Jena U, Das KC, 2018 Biomethane Production Potential of Slaughterhouse Waste in the United States Energy Convers Manag 173: 143–157

[23] Nguyen LN, Nguyen AQ, Hasan A, Guo W, Huu H, Chaves AV, Nghiem LD, 2019 Application of Rumen and Anaerobic Sludge Microbes for Bio Harvesting from Lignocellulosic Biomass Chemosphere 228: 702–708

[24] Hendriks ATWM, van Lier JB, de Kreuk MK, 2018 Growth Media in Anaerobic Fermentative Processes: the Underestimated Potential of Thermophilic Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion Biotechnol Adv 36: 1–13

[25] Amin FR, Khalid H, El-Mashad HM, Chen C, Liu G and Zhang R, 2021 Functions of bacteria and Archaea Participating in the Bioconversion of Organic Waste for Methane Production Science of The Total Environment 763: 143007

[26] Li Y, Chen Y, Wu J, 2019 Enhancement Of Methane Production In Anaerobic Digestion Process : A Review Appl Energy 240: 120–137

A S Putri¹, S Najah¹, A N Lathifah^[1],3*, A A Asmara^1,2, D Wulandari^1,3

 

¹ Environmental Engineering Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta 55584, Indonesia

² Center for Environmental Studies, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta 55584, Indonesia

³ Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta 55584, Indonesia

^[1]* Corresponding author’s email: [email protected]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/icsbe.vol4.art44

 

ABSTRACT

Research on the bacteria and fungi potentially degrading microplastic in Piyungan Landfill has not been done much. Meanwhile, plastic pollution is one of many environmental problems faced in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The accumulation of plastic waste is getting more significant daily, and the capacity of landfills is decreasing. Bacterial and fungal testing was carried out by taking soil samples from landfills and isolating dilute Nutrient Broth, Malt Extract Agar, and Nutrient Agar media. Bacterial and fungal were identified by morphology colony and cell, then tested for plastic biodegradation by selected bacterial and fungal. The result of this research, there are 18 bacterial isolate and five isolate fungi, but for the degradation testing, chosen just three bacterial (Isolate A, F, J) degrade Polypropylene for ±30 days and three fungal (Isolate PA, PK, RJ) to degrade LDPE for ±14 days. The indicator for determining plastic degradation is clear-zone formation. The test result showed that isolate F, which had similarity with bacteria in the genus of Micrococcus, had a higher potential to degrade microplastic with clear-zone formation ±1.23 mm. Meanwhile, fungal isolate PK, similar to Penicillium sp., had a higher potential to degrade microplastic, marked by the most significant clear-zone appearance, ±2.3 cm.

 

Keywords: Indigenous Microbes, Piyungan landfill, Microplastic biodegradation

 

REFERENCES

[1] Pico Y, Alfarhan A, and Barcelo D 2019 Nano- and Microplastic analysis: Focus on their Occurrence in Freshwater Ecosystems and Remediation Technologies. TrAC – Trends in Analytical Chemistry. 113: 409-425

[2] Shen M, Song B, Zeng G, Zhang Y, Huang W, Wen X, and Tang W 2020 Are Biodegradable Plastics a Promising Solution to Solve the Global Plastic Pollution. Environmental Pollution. 263: 114469

[3] Azizah P, Ridlo A, Suryono, C 2020 Mikroplastik pada Sedimen di Pantai Kartini Kabupaten Jepara, Jawa Tengah. Journal of Marine Research. 9: 326–332

[4] Sari R N 2017 Karakteristik Air Lindi (Leachate) di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Sampah Air Dingin Kota Padang. Laboratorium Fisika Bumi. 6: 93–99

[5] Utami I and Liani M 2021 Identifikasi Mikroplastik pada Air Sumur Gali di Sekitar TPA Piyungan Yogyakarta. Jurnal Riset Daerah Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Kabupaten Bantul, Provinsi Special Region Of Yogyakarta. 21: 4003-4014

[6] Megga, R P Festy, A R Arina F S, and Puji A N 2020 Isolasi Mikroorganisme Pendegradasi Mikroplastik dari Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Sampah. In Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 6: 951–952

[7] Vianti, R O Melki, Rozirwan, and Purwiyanto A I S 2020 Purifikasi Dan Uji Degradasi Bakteri Mikroplastik Dari Perairan Muara Sungai Musi, Sumatera Selatan. Maspari Journal. 12: 29–36

[8] Rohmah U M, Shovitri M, and Kuswytasari K 2019 Degradasi Plastik Oleh Jamur Aspergillus Terreus (Lm 1021) Pada Ph 5 Dan Ph 6; Serta Suhu 25 Dan 35 Celcius. Jurnal Sains dan Seni ITS. 7: 5–10

[9] Wardani, D P A 2021 Isolasi dan Identifikasi Jamur Pendegradasi Polietilena Berdensitas Rendah (LDPE) dari Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir Supit Urang, Malang. Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim

[10] Pramesti N K L, Berata I K, and Kendran A A S 2020 Profil Hematologi, Kadar Timbal dan Kadmium dalam Darah Sapi Bali yang Rumennya Mengandung Sampah Plastik. Indonesia Medicus Veterinus. 9: 526

[11] Lestari W, Ariyanti N, Pandu J, Saifuddin F, Utama W, Bahri A S, and Wijaya I P K 2018 Studi Kelayakan Perangkap CO2 Berdasarkan Analisa Fisik Sedimen (Studi Kasus: Formasi Kabuh, Cekungan Jawa Timur Utara . Iptek Journal Of Proceedings Series. 227-231

[12] Manasa K, Reddy R S, Triveni S, and Manasa C K 2017 Isolation and Characterisation of Pseudomonas Fluorescens Isolates from Different Rhizosphere Soils of Telangana (Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry JPP) 63: 224–229

[13] Friska, A 2019 Isolasi Bakteri Endofit dari Bruguira sp. Sebagai Sumber Senyawa Antibakteri (Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam)

[14] Zegeye E K, Brislawn C J, Farris Y, Fansler S J, Hofmockel K S, Jansson J K, Wright A T, Graham E B, Naylor D, McClure RS and Bernstein H C 2019 Selection, Succession, and Stabilization of Soil Microbial Consortia. Msystems 4: 19

[15] Amelia N and Sulistiyaning T H 2021 Kajian Pengaruh Penggunaan Biosurfaktan Rhamnolipida dan Surfaktin pada Proses Bioremediasi Tanah Tercemar Crude Oil. Jurnal Teknik ITS. 10: 2

[16] Singh S, Dutta U, Gupta S, Jamwal S, Bhat A K, and Gupta V 2017 Morpho-cultural and Biochemical Identification of Pseudomonas sp. Isolated from the Rhizosphere of Different Vegetable Crops and Study its Efficacy on Solanum melongena (Brinjal). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 6: 22–28

[17] Barnett H L 1960 Illustrated genera of imperfect fungi. Illustrated genera of Imperfect Fungi.

[18] Hartanti A T, Susanti F, Prasasty V D and Radiastuti N 2021 Culturable Endophytic Fungal Diversity in Cassava Tubers of Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 22: 3

[19] Iramayana T I and Arif A 2019 Keragaman jamur pada log dan kayu gergajian nyatoh (Palaquium sp.). Jurnal Perennial. 15: 8-15

[20] Valencia P E and Meitiniarti V I 2017 Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Jamur Ligninolitik serta Perbandingan Kemampuannya dalam Biodelignifikasi. Scripta Biologica.  4

[21] Hulse J D 2018 Review of Comprehensive Staining Techniques used to Differentiate Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi from Plant Root Tissues. Acta Scientific Agriculture (ISSN: 2581-365X) 2: 7

[22] Wilkes T I, Warner D J, Edmonds-Brown V, Davies K G, and Denholm I 2020 A Comparison of Methodologies for the Staining and Quantification of Intracellular Components of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Root Cortex of Two Varieties of Winter Wheat. Access Microbiology.  2: 2

[23] Alshehrei F 2017 Biodegradation of Low Density Polyethylene by Fungi Isolated from Red Sea Water. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. 6(8): 1703-9.

[24] Mardyansah D and Trimulyono G 2021 Isolasi, Karakterisasi, dan Uji Potensi Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat dari Rhizosfer Tanaman Jati dan Sengon di Pegunungan Kapur, Daerah Selatan Kabupaten Tulungagung (Jurnal Lentera Bio) 10: 188–198.

[25] Reformanda S, Sipriyadi, Darwis W, Wibowo R H, Supriati R and Siboro R 2021  Isolation and Identification of Cellulase- Producing Encophytic Bacteria From Yellow Root Plants ( Arvangelisia flava (L.) Merr) From Enggano Island (Proceedings of the 3rd KOBI Congress, International and National Conferences (KOBICINC 2020) 14: 523–528.

[26] Pinheiro E T, Candeiro G T, Teixeira S R, Shin R C, Prado L C, Gavini G and Mayer M P, 2015 RNA-based Assay Demonstrated Enterococcus faecalis Metabolic Activity after Chemomechanical Procedures (Journal of endodontics) 41:1441-1444.

[27] Barnett, H. L. (1960). Illustrated genera of imperfect fungi. Illustrated genera of Imperfect Fungi.

[28] Fibriarti B L, Feliatra F, Amin B, and Darwis D 2021 Biodegradation of LDPE Plastic by Local Strain of Bacillus sp. Isolated from Dump Soil of Pekanbaru, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity. 22: 12

[30] Verma N, and Gupta S 2019 Assessment of LDPE Degrading Potential Aspergillus Species Isolated from Municipal Landfill Sites of Agra. Applied Sciences. 1: 1-10.

[31] Rahim I, and Nasruddin A 2019 The Ability of Rot Fungi from Cocoa Plant in Producing Lignocellulosic Enzymes. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.  270(1): 012037

[32] Dhanam I D A G M, Fatmawati N N D, and Budayanti N N S 2021 Efek Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883 dan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. E-Jurnal Medika Udayana.  10(2): 97-105

[33] Temporiti M E E, Nicola L, Nielsen E and Tosi S 2022 Fungal Enzymes Involved in Plastics Biodegradation. Microorganisms, 10: 1180

[34] Daccò C, Girometta C, Asemoloye M D, Carpani G, Picco A M, and Tosi S 2020 Key Fungal Degradation Patterns, Enzymes and Their Applications for the Removal of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons in Polluted Soils: A Review. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation. 147: 104866

[35] Zhang J, Chen J, Jia R, Dun Z, Wang B, Hu X, and Wang Y 2018 Selection and evaluation of microorganisms for biodegradation of agricultural plastic film. 3 Biotech, 8: 1-8

[36] Ghosh D, Dey S, Chakraborty H, Mukherjee S, Halder A, Sarkar A and Sarkar J 2022 Mucormycosis: A new threat to Coronavirus disease 2019 with special emphasis on India. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

[37] Ristiari N P N, Julyasih, K S M and Suryanti I A P 2019 Isolasi dan Identifikasi Jamur Mikroskopis pada Rizosfer Tanaman Jeruk Siam (Citrus nobilis Lour.) di Kecamatan Kintamani, Bali. Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Undiksha.  6(1): 10-19

[38] Yastanto AJ 2020 Karakteristik Pertumbuhan Jamur pada Media PDA dengan Metode Pour Plate. Indonesian Journal of Laboratory. 2(1): 33-39

Fajriyanto^[1]* and H Budiman¹

 

¹ Department of Architecture Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Indonesian Islamic University, Indonesia

^[1]* Corresponding author’s email: [email protected]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/icsbe.vol4.art42

 

ABSTRACT

Gajah Wong River is one of the rivers that cross the city of Yogyakarta in the east which is in critical condition. The use of land on the riverbank for settlements continues without regard to environmental aspects. The density of the population and buildings is not under the area’s capacity. Riverbank damage occurred in several riverbank areas. Ecological architecture is a holistic design approach, eco-friendly design, and optimizing the utilization of natural potential. This study aims to make the concept of redesigning the Gajah Wong riverbank settlement based on ecological architecture. The analysis was carried out using three approaches: interpretational analysis, structural analysis, and reflective analysis. The results of the study show that the basic problems of the Gajah Wong riverbank can be grouped into the settlement, socio-economic and environmental aspects. The concept of redesigning riverbank settlements based on ecological architecture can be applied by optimizing the use of natural resources, designs that respond to site characteristics, working with climate to get energy efficient, and designs that respond to residents’ needs.

 

Keywords: Redesign, Riverbank settlement, Eco-architecture

 

REFERENCES

[1] Heris W 2021 Sebab Akibat Permukiman Kumuh di Sempadan Sungai. National Housing and Water Sanitation Information Services (http://nawasis.org/portal/52263) diakses 1 Agustus 2022.

[2] Fajriyanto 2012 Model Penataan Kawasan Bantaran Sungai Terintegrasi Untuk Pelestarian Lingkungan Dan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Kota Yogyakarta (Yogyakarta: Hasil Penelitian Hibah Bersaing DPPM UII)

[3] Maharani R D, Kurniawan and Yulistyanto 2016 Pemetaan Risiko Bencana Banjir Sungai Winongo Kota Yogyakarta (Yogyakarta: Tesis S2 Teknik Pengelolaan Bencana Alam UGM)

[4] United Nations Environment Programme 2021 Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction: Towards a Zero-emission, Efficient and Resilient Buildings and Construction Sector. (Nairobi)

[5] Frick Heinz 2002 Dasar-dasar arsitektur ekologis (Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius)

[6] Metallinou VA  2006 Ecological propriety and architecture in First International Conference On Harmonisation Between Architecture And Nature. at the Wessex Institute of Technology Campus in the New Forest, UK.

[7] Leedy P D, 1997 Practical Research, Planning, and Design (New Jersey: Prentice-Hall)

[8] Fridman B, Shu-Yang dan Cote R 2004 Principles and practice of ecological design Journal of Environmental Reviews June 2004 Published on the NRC Research Press p 97

[9] Robert V dan Brenda V (1991) Green Architecture: Design for an Energy-Conscious Future. (London: Bulfinch Press Little Brown and Company)

[10] Ahdiaty R dan Fitriana D (2020) Pengambilan Sampel Air Sungai Gajah Wong di Wilayah Kota Yogyakarta. Indonesion Jornal of Chemical Analysis., Vol.03, No 02, 2020, pp. 65-73.

[11] Sari, MP 2020 Analisis Vegetasi Riparian di Kawasan Sub-DAS Gumandar Kecamatan Prigen Kabupaten Pasuruan sebagai Sumber Belajar Biologi. Undergraduate (S1) Thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.

[12] Widodo et al 2009 Urban Kampong Improvement on Global Warming Mitigation Basis (A Case Study of Code River Bank Settlement Area, Yogyakarta), Proceedings of The First International Seminar on Science and Technology, Islamic University of Indonesia (UII) – Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia- Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, January 2009.

[13] Tika et all 2021 Strategi Perancangan Kawasan Perumahan Berkelanjutan Dengan Pendekatan Water Sensitive Urban Design Di Kawasan Bandung Utara. Jurnal Arsitektur ARCADE: Vol. 5 No.1, Maret 2021 p 92-99

[14] Sholikhati, Soeprobowati dan Jumari 2020 Vegetasi Riparian Kawasan Sub-DAS Sungai Gajah Wong Yogyakarta Jurnal Llmu Lingkungan Volume 18 Issue 2 p: 401-410

[15] Erdianto AR, Rofiqo Irwan, Kastono D 2019 Fungsi Ekologis Vegetasi Taman Denggung Sleman sebagai Pengendali Iklim Mikro dan Peredam Kebisingan. Jounal Vegetalika. 2019. Vol 8 no 3: 139-152. Departemen Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada.